Surgical PrinciplesGulraj Matharu, 2009 There are a number of surgical procedures an orthopaedic surgeon can perform to treat diseases of the bones and joints. ARTHROSCOPY= having a look inside a joint with a small camera Performed under general anaesthetic Camera inserted through small incision Joints commonly arthroscoped = KNEE, SHOULDER, ANKLE, HIP, WRIST Arthroscopy can either be diagnostic or therapeutic Operations that can be performed with arthroscopy include:
Anterior cruciate ligament repair (KNEE)
ARTHROPLASTY= surgical replacement of a joint Nearly all joints can be replaced Common joints replaced = HIP, KNEE, SHOULDER, ELBOW Implants can last more than 10 years, but survival depends on:
The patient - young, active patients more likely to wear out implanted joint
Rarely performed now due to joint replacement E.g. MTP joint in foot excised for arthritis which subsequently heals by fibrosis ARTHRODESIS= fusion of a joint Fuse two bones together in fixed position Improves pain but loss of joint mobility Common joints fused = ANKLE, WRIST, JOINTS IN HANDS + FEET DEBRIDEMENT= 'cleaning' the diseased joint
Can be done by arthoscopy, e.g. |
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